Standard-based Education Does It Have the Future

The United States of America’s education reforms since the 1980s were born out of the dire need to set academic standards of what students ought to be taught and be able to effectively perform in the job market.  The education standards outlined in the reform map the progress of the components of all other education systems. The standard education system does not comply with norm-based rankings; rather, the system institutes solid criteria for evaluating each student. This constitutes a formulated curriculum that features assessments for professional development harmonized by the reform goals. These standards evolved from the defunct outcomes-based education, which was thrown aside in the United States in the 1990s. And, the two reforms still share core goals. The goals are rooted in the curriculum frameworks, which define specifically what students must attain; there is an emphasis on criterion-referenced evaluation in tune with the frameworks and imposition of quality graduation examinations ensuring top performance to receive a diploma. The standard-based reforms enjoy a notable backing by the conservatives than the outcome-based education. They say it fosters a learning program that seeks to raise academic standards. But contrasting views from some conservatives deem it merely a rebranding of an unsuccessful and unrealistic vision. It is therefore viewed as an educational reorganization analogous of a premeditated economy which makes an attempt to coerce student to perform better by raising prospects then imposing sanctions and punishments on schools and students who fall short of the new standards. The vision therefore has to be brought under scrutiny in order to judge whether the standards-based education has a future. The first requirement is that every teenager will attain a meaningful high school diploma that ensures sufficient literacy at a level that can sustain employment. To eliminate possible surprising failure upon completing high school education, regular assessments through a variety of means are implemented to stump out any possible cause of attaining lower grades. Equality is stressed to ensure all students from all walks of life are not denied access to education. That implies that by virtue of cultural or ethnic background, poverty, gender, disabilities, age, race, or family situation, no student will be stopped from learning the required material. It is however acknowledged that individual students may learn with different means and at different rates, but the gap is still subject to narrowing. The standards-based education require job competitiveness rather than learning from a curriculum tailored by education professors, traditions or textbook publishers. The standards are published and distributed freely to professional educators, parents, taxpayers as well as to textbook writers. The main goal is to use the standards-based education to attain a literate and economically competitive workforce from all schools and all demographic components on the nation. While the core aspects remain pretty concrete and seemingly viable, the only debate about its future is that it is an offspring on an impractical and abandoned system. Much then has to be left for the time to tell since it remains clear that even great ideas need to be followed to bring anything to fruition.

Treating Trauma As The Root Of Addiction - 854 Words

treehouserehab.org - treating trauma as the root of addiction Everyone has suffered from incidents in their lives that may be considered traumatic. These incidents are a necessary part of life: they help teach us important emotional lessons that can make us stronger and more successful people. Unfortunately trauma often exists at the root of an alcohol or drug addiction. Thankfully it s possible to treat this problem and return you to a happy and successful life that is free of addiction. Understanding Trauma Trauma is easy to understand but it can feel hard to manage. According to the Substance Abuse And Mental Health Services Administration, trauma is a situation that â€Å"causes physical or emotional harm from which you cannot remove yourself.† Symptoms of trauma (include flashbacks to the event, being easily startled, new scary concepts, crying, mood swings, and more. These symptoms are often part of what is called â€Å"post-traumatic stress disorder.† This condition (formerly called shell shock) is the emotional aftermath of suffering through a traumatic situation. Problems Caused By Trauma And Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder create a sense of physical and mental imbalance that can throw a person s life off-balance. Typical emotional and even physical problem of these conditions include: Depression Anxiety Paranoia Physical pain Difficulty sleeping Nightmares Self-harming impulses Neglect Addictive behaviors The causes ofShow MoreRelatedAddiction : The Canadian Aboriginal Community1690 Words   |  7 Pages Shivanna Sookoo 212-988-283 Monday, March 28th, 2016 SOWK 2020 M Addiction in Contemporary Society Professor Wayne Skinner The Canadian Aboriginal community consists of a strong support system founded on tradition, heritage, and spirituality. 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Cindy Sherman and Representation Free Essays

Untitled Film Stills by cindy Sherman presents the ideas about the female identity Sherman is after. On each of the images, Sherman photographs herself as a cliche of this identity as if she were an actress in a B-movie ,as the product of domesticity, the object of sexual desire exc. Critic Arthur Danto points out that none of Sherman’s images is of herself. We will write a custom essay sample on Cindy Sherman and Representation or any similar topic only for you Order Now They are of The Girl, for whom Cindy Sherman posed. The Girl appears in every photograph, and though she is familiar in each (because the model is Sherman), she is never expressing the same idea as The Girl. She is being-there and she is not there at the same time, like a performer, and all the while she is able to convey these figurative portraits of femininity. Modeling in several roles, she reveals gender as an unstable and constructed position, which suggests that there is no innate biological female identity. On the contrary, women adopt several roles and identities depending on their circumstances. Perhaps sherman is making a gender statement through critiquing women in representation. This is however questionable as she is willingly engaging in the subject she is critiquing. According to Mulvey the women is made into an object of male gaze. Thus making the man the spectator and the woman the spectacle. The man looks at the woman, and the woman is being looked at. This contributes and supports the stereotypical idea that men are to activity as woman are to passivity. Her work also encourages self-reflection in the spectator. As Sherman argues. Sherman encourages viewers to create their own narratives when looking at her work. Perhaps by doing so, we become conscious participators in the story, or in the society that created these stereotypes in the first place. Depending on the narrative we create, her photographs could possibly help us to question our own ideas about gender and how it is represented in photography. How to cite Cindy Sherman and Representation, Essay examples

Cigarette Smoking Essay Example For Students

Cigarette Smoking Essay For a long time now many people have different views about smoking inpublic places. Smokers feel it is their right to smoke where and when theywant. On the other hand non-smokers feel smokers violate their rights andendanger there life. Smoking causes heart disease, lung cancer and otherserious illnesses. Cigarette smoking is the number one cause of lungcancer. A substantial number of lung cancers that occur in non-smokers canbe attributed to involuntary smoking. There are some parts in the UnitedStates where you can smoke in public places, on the other hand in New Yorkthere are designated areas. While some people feel that smoking in publicplaces should remain since it is their right, smoking in public placesshould be banned because second-hand smoke will endanger non-smokers health Smokers feel they have had the right to smoke in a public place for solong that it should not be taken away. Resturants and businesses should beallowed to set their own smoking rules, based on demands of the customers. Also business may decrease if they do not allow smokers the right to smoke,ecspecially bars and restaurants. The work place is another problem forsmokers, now they have to go outside even in the winter to have acigarette, even though they used to be able to smoke inside.A strongsupporter on smokers rights is Democratic Assemblyman Dick Floyd, whowanted to vote for a controversial smokers right bill. He feels it is not asmoking bill, it merely protects the people who use legal substances suchas tobacco and alcohol in their homes from job discrimination. However, smoking in public places is a danger to non-smokers healthfor the reason of passive or second-hand smoke. The public does not realizethe significant hazards of passive smoking. A U.S enviromental protectionagency stated second-hand smoke is the third major cause of lung cancer inthe United States. The simple separation of smokers within the same airspace may reduce, but does not eliminate exposure to passive smoke. InArizona five thousand and six hundred Americans died in 1989 due to passivesmoke. A recent federal Environmental protection agency reported on thedangers of second hand smoke. They found this kills fifty-three thousandnon smokers a year. By putting a smoke free policy into effect, it willsend a strong message about protecting health. Even though designated areasare set aside for smokers this does not really protect a non-smoker. Theheating and air conditions does not filter out carcinogens well enough andthe smoke drifts onto non-designated areas. Finally, if public smoking is kept legalized we will have majorproblems facing the environment. One problem is alot of people areirritated by tobacco smoke. A man named General C.Everett Knoop released areport saying that passive smoking, when a non-smokers breathe smoke in anenclosed area, it causes as many as five deaths a year. Smoking in a publicplace is an air pollutant and it can damage health in a number of ways. Thefour major health hazards fall into air, water, and noise pollution. Airpollution can lead to various forms of respiratory disease. The mainproblem of smoking in a public place is indoor air pollution. Some of theseproblems that result indoor air pollution is building ventilation that hasbeen reduced to conserve energy, with the result that ventiliation issimply inadequate. Combustion by products from smoking tobacco haveproduced substances, smoke included, that contaminate indoor air. Theproblem effecting a person who is in a contaminated enviroment may resultin c oughing, wheezing, chest tightness, muscular aches, chills, headaches,fever and fatigue. To solve this we have to have extra ventilation and keepdesignated areas in the public places if there are any. .u29d636bf966de471cca6dcdb2da1242b , .u29d636bf966de471cca6dcdb2da1242b .postImageUrl , .u29d636bf966de471cca6dcdb2da1242b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u29d636bf966de471cca6dcdb2da1242b , .u29d636bf966de471cca6dcdb2da1242b:hover , .u29d636bf966de471cca6dcdb2da1242b:visited , .u29d636bf966de471cca6dcdb2da1242b:active { border:0!important; } .u29d636bf966de471cca6dcdb2da1242b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u29d636bf966de471cca6dcdb2da1242b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u29d636bf966de471cca6dcdb2da1242b:active , .u29d636bf966de471cca6dcdb2da1242b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u29d636bf966de471cca6dcdb2da1242b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u29d636bf966de471cca6dcdb2da1242b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u29d636bf966de471cca6dcdb2da1242b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u29d636bf966de471cca6dcdb2da1242b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u29d636bf966de471cca6dcdb2da1242b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u29d636bf966de471cca6dcdb2da1242b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u29d636bf966de471cca6dcdb2da1242b .u29d636bf966de471cca6dcdb2da1242b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u29d636bf966de471cca6dcdb2da1242b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Analysis on the Poem Sweethearts by Allen Branden Essay Although some claim that smoking in a public place is their right andshould be kept that, smoking in public places should not be legalizedbecause it will endanger non-smokers from passive smoke and it pollutes ourenviroment. The state of New York will remain restricting smoking todesignated areas. Cigarettes are the most deadly habit, affecting thegreatest number of people in the world today. A ban on public smoking wouldBibliography: